Streptomycin

 

Streptomycin is a type of Aminoglycoside commonly used in the treatment of tuberculosis. When administered, it attacks the cell membranes of bacteria and stops protein synthesis, which effectively prevents bacterial growth. However, when used during pregnancy, streptomycin can easily cross the placental barrier and cause harm to the fetus. Mothers that used streptomycin in long-term treatment of tuberculosis have reportedly caused nerve damage and other birth disorders to the fetus. Pregnant women, as well as mothers who are still nursing, should not use Streptomycin, as it can also get into breast milk and cause damage to babies after birth.

 

Tetracyclines

 

Tetracyclines are antibiotics commonly used to treat acne or respiratory infections. While they may sound like innocent treatments, they can have unforeseen effects upon a pregnant woman and her unborn child. Because Tetracyclines are easily able to cross the placenta, they can cause many birth disorders, especially during the second and third trimesters.

When properly used, Tetracyclines combat infections by inhibiting protein synthesis and preventing bacterial growth. However, when a fetus is inflicted, these Tetracyclines will compete with calcium to be absorbed into the developing bones, potentially disturbing structural growth. In addition to affecting bone growth, Tetracyclines can impinge on calcium implementation in teeth, causing a yellowish-brown discoloration.

 

 

Doxycycline

 

            Made from tetracycline, Doxycycline is a broad antibiotic that is used to combat a wide variety of bacteria such as Hemophilus influenzae (which can cause meningitis) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (which can cause pneumonia). Like tetracycline, these antibiotics can cause damage to bone and tooth development in the fetus. Toxins cross the placenta and find their way into the fetus, particularly after the first trimester. Doxycycline should only be used when no alternatives are present and treatment is mandatory. Even after birth, use should be closely monitored as it can be excreted in breast milk and have negative effects on bone growth in young children.

 

References:

 

"Antibiotic Birth Defects." Online Lawyer Source. 30 Sept. 2007 <http://www.onlinelawyersource.com/drug-related-defects/antibiotic-defects.html>.

 

"Doxycycline." MedicineNet.Com. 29 Apr. 2003. 30 Sept. 2007 <http://www.medicinenet.com/pregnancy_drug_dangers/article.htm>.

 

"Streptomycin." RxList. 2007. 30 Sept. 2007 <http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/streptomycin_wcp.htm>.

 

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